TY - JOUR AU - Maiguru , A. A AU - Zaku , S.S AU - Amadi , D.C.A AU - Irarimam , E PY - 2022/07/07 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - CONTRIBUTIONS OF MADRID (PTEROCARPUS ERINACEOUS, POIR) TO COMMUNITY LIVELIHOODS IN TAKUM, TARABA STATE JF - NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENT JA - NJSE VL - 20 IS - 1 SE - Articles DO - UR - https://delsunjse.com/index.php/njse/article/view/79 SP - AB - <p><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 328.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.874026);" role="presentation">Pterocarpus</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 297.433px; top: 328.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.872653);" role="presentation">erinaceous</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 389.683px; top: 328.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.944223);" role="presentation">(Poir) also known as Madrid has been identified to </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 351.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.936122);" role="presentation">contribute to community livelihoods. Such contributions are people as well </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 374.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.928376);" role="presentation">as site specific and may be short</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 465.883px; top: 374.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif;" role="presentation">-</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 472.483px; top: 374.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.959383);" role="presentation">lived if continuous availability cannot be </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 397.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.948256);" role="presentation">guaranteed. Information on the contributions of Pter</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 629.717px; top: 397.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.872165);" role="presentation">ocarpus</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 699.517px; top: 397.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.872653);" role="presentation">erinaceous</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 792.767px; top: 397.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.9468);" role="presentation">to </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 420.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.942872);" role="presentation">community</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 300.773px; top: 420.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.952418);" role="presentation">livelihoods</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 402.713px; top: 420.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.923183);" role="presentation">is</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 429.293px; top: 420.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.937716);" role="presentation">crucial</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 496.673px; top: 420.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.9336);" role="presentation">to</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 525.453px; top: 420.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.942416);" role="presentation">their</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 575.233px; top: 420.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.878497);" role="presentation">sustainable</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 677.193px; top: 420.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.875236);" role="presentation">management</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 792.553px; top: 420.661px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.999572);" role="presentation">in</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 443.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.955159);" role="presentation">Takum.</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 272.793px; top: 443.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.948196);" role="presentation">However, this contribution has not been properly documented in </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 466.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.879664);" role="presentation">the</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 233.813px; top: 466.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.907011);" role="presentation">study</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 290.173px; top: 466.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.837893);" role="presentation">area.</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 341.333px; top: 466.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.910083);" role="presentation">Therefore,</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 438.483px; top: 466.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.930785);" role="presentation">contributions</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 557.043px; top: 466.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.9996);" role="presentation">of</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 586.803px; top: 466.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.875696);" role="presentation">Pterocarpus</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 694.317px; top: 466.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.872653);" role="presentation">erinaceous</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 792.857px; top: 466.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.9336);" role="presentation">to </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 489.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.966533);" role="presentation">community livelihoods in</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 413.083px; top: 489.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.94803);" role="presentation">Takum Local Government Area of Taraba State </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 512.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.893656);" role="presentation">were</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 245.833px; top: 512.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.905301);" role="presentation">investigated.</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 368.773px; top: 512.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.06906);" role="presentation">A total of 160 semi</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 546.117px; top: 512.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif;" role="presentation">-</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 552.717px; top: 512.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.935406);" role="presentation">structured questionnaires were </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 535.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.927696);" role="presentation">distributed</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 304.753px; top: 535.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.961215);" role="presentation">to generate data for this study with only 154 retrieved. Data</span><br role="presentation"><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 558.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.956651);" role="presentation">generated was analyzed using descriptive statistics and the resul</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 746.567px; top: 558.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.960745);" role="presentation">ts were </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 581.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.901977);" role="presentation">presented in frequency tables, Percentages, Bar chart and Pie chart for easy </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 604.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.892549);" role="presentation">comprehension.</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 332.883px; top: 604.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.974398);" role="presentation">Most of the respondents are youths and males who are </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 627.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.954707);" role="presentation">singles with few that are married with moderate family size. P.</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 723.117px; top: 627.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.872653);" role="presentation">erinaceous </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 650.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.98217);" role="presentation">can both be found</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 363.083px; top: 650.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.963437);" role="presentation">on mountai</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 458.483px; top: 650.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.952596);" role="presentation">ns and lowland areas.</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 653.317px; top: 650.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.963723);" role="presentation">Loading, skidding, </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 673.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.937448);" role="presentation">felling and debarking are major activities associated with the harvesting of </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 696.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.932888);" role="presentation">P. erinaceus in the study area. Similarly, a minimum amount of N1,000.00</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 801.967px; top: 696.711px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif;" role="presentation">-</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 719.744px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.943079);" role="presentation">N10,000.00 could be generated from the harvesting of P. erinaceus</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 763.967px; top: 719.744px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.974918);" role="presentation">while </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 742.744px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.905387);" role="presentation">problems such as bad roads, injuries from machine, accidents, fire out break </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 765.744px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.945413);" role="presentation">militates against the harvesting of P.erinaceus. Also, parts of P. erinaceus </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 788.744px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.876737);" role="presentation">such as seeds, leaves, branches, barks and roots are used by the respondents </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 811.744px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.955461);" role="presentation">in the study area.</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 351.483px; top: 811.744px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.972842);" role="presentation">The major contributions of P. erinaceus to community </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 834.744px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.952647);" role="presentation">livelihoods in the study area are food, income, medic</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 640.317px; top: 834.744px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.933852);" role="presentation">ine and employment </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 196.433px; top: 857.744px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.917595);" role="presentation">respectively(</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 299.633px; top: 857.744px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.929827);" role="presentation">Table 1.1</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 375.083px; top: 857.744px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif;" role="presentation">-</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 386.683px; top: 857.744px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.900927);" role="presentation">1.7 and Figure 1</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 517.883px; top: 857.744px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif;" role="presentation">-</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 524.517px; top: 857.744px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.928286);" role="presentation">6)</span></p> ER -